Children’s Educational Access by Gender in the Cultural Perspective of the Bahorok Malay-Islamic Community

Authors

  • Najwa Zahra Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Author
  • Sakti Ritonga Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62238/jupsi.v4i2.467

Keywords:

bahorok malay, children’s educational, cultural, gender

Abstract

Educational access for girls and boys in the Malay Bahorok community has changed alongside developments in social, economic, and educational conditions. Earlier generations experienced more limited educational opportunities due to inadequate educational facilities, geographical distance, household economic constraints, and gendered expectations concerning children’s roles. This study aims to examine educational access for girls and boys from the perspective of Malay Bahorok culture, identify the factors influencing such access, and understand changing community perceptions of education across generations. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving 11 informants, comprising 2 key informants, 7 primary informants, and 2 supporting informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation and analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that educational access has become increasingly equal for girls and boys, including growing support for girls’ pursuit of higher education. However, gender-based divisions of domestic responsibilities remain evident within family life. These findings indicate that changes in educational access have progressed more rapidly than changes in some gender norms within households. The study contributes to understanding educational transformation and gender relations within culturally grounded communities. 

Akses pendidikan anak perempuan dan laki-laki dalam masyarakat Melayu Bahorok mengalami perubahan seiring perkembangan kondisi sosial, ekonomi, dan pendidikan. Pada generasi terdahulu, keterbatasan fasilitas pendidikan, jarak, kondisi ekonomi keluarga, dan konstruksi peran gender memengaruhi kesempatan anak untuk melanjutkan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis akses pendidikan anak perempuan dan laki-laki dalam perspektif budaya Melayu Bahorok, mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhinya, serta memahami perubahan pandangan masyarakat terhadap pendidikan berdasarkan pengalaman antargenerasi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan 11 informan yang terdiri atas 2 informan kunci, 7 informan utama, dan 2 informan tambahan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan akses pendidikan yang semakin setara antara anak perempuan dan laki-laki, termasuk meningkatnya dukungan terhadap pendidikan tinggi perempuan. Namun, pembagian tanggung jawab domestik berdasarkan gender masih ditemukan dalam kehidupan keluarga. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perubahan akses pendidikan berlangsung lebih cepat daripada perubahan sebagian norma gender dalam rumah tangga. Penelitian berkontribusi pada pemahaman mengenai transformasi pendidikan dan relasi gender dalam masyarakat berbasis budaya.

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Published

2026-08-29